Fuel-atomizer.



R DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE. FUEL ATOMIZER- APPLICATION FILED MALI. 1913.

1,206,978. Patented Dec. 5,1916.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, OF ST. DENIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANONYME DES ETABLISSEMENTS DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, OF ST. DENIS,

FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FRANCE.

FUEL-ATQMI'ZER.

Application filed March 31,

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, ROBERT DELAUNAY- BELLEVILLE, citizen of the French Republic, residing at St. Denis, Department of the Seine, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Atomizers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The injection of liquid fuel (petroleum) in Diesel engines, is effected by compressed air. The liquid is delivered by a pump delivering measured quantities, into a small chamber in constant communication, at its upper part, with a compressed air reservoir, and this reservoir is momentarily put into communication, at its lower part, with the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder. When the lifting of the injector needle establishes communication with the cylinder, then the compressed air flows in the form of a blast forcing the liquid along in front thereof. In order that the liquid fuel should not be injected in relatively large quantities, it is positively led through a complicated and discontinuous course in the atomizer.

The different systems of atomizer used hitherto have not given quite satisfactory results. The carburation of the mixture introduced in the cylinder (ratio of the weight of the fuel to that of the mixture) is subjected to discontinuous variations which are sometimes brought into evidence by the indicator diagrams and the causes of which cannot be determined with certainty.

The invention consists in a rational arrangement of the atomizer, the operation of which has been derived from that of the carbureters of internal combustion engines and which can effect a regular atomization of the petroleum.

The accompanying drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the axis of the apparatus on line XX of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line Y-Y of Fig. 1.

The atomizer is located in a portion A forming part of the cylinder body or else is fixed thereon.

B is a fixed bottom piece and C a fixed intermediate piece. A fixed upper piece D Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 5, 1916. 1913. Serial no. 758,004.

rests on the former two and maintains them in position. The injector needle E passes through the pieces B, C and D and is operated by a cam or any other suitable device. The piece B terminates, at its upper end, in a cylindrical sleeve 13, which surrounds the needle E and fits with a little annular play 6, into the sleeve C on the piece C. The pieces B and C form an annular chamber 5. This chamber communicates with the liquid admission 1 by means of the conduit 2 of the cylinder body, the annular groove 3 and the apertures at opening into the chamber 5; the latter chamber communicates with the chamber 9 surrounding the needle E through the annular space 6 and the obliquely arranged conduits 7 as shown inFig. 2.

The member D resting on the upper part of the piece C is provided with passages 11 through which compressed air flows and communicates with the chamber 5 through apertures 10. The needle E traverses the piece C with a slight play 12 in order to permit of the passage of compressed air into the chamber 9. The latter is preferably of the form shown, the wall thereof being inclined like that of'a cone tapering downwardly. I

The apparatus operates in the following manner: The liquid fuel (petroleum) discharged by a measuring pump arrives at 1, whence it reaches, through the conduit 2, the circular groove 3 formed around the member C. From this groove 3 extend apertures 4:, 4-4 which convey the fuel into the annular chambers 5 and 6, and the ob lique conduits 7, 7-7. The latter permit the fuel to pass into the carburation chamber 9 around the injector needle E. The apertures 10, 10-10 establish a communication between the chamber 5 and the chambers 11, 1111 of the upper member D.

engine cylinder, air rushes in at a high velocity into the annular space 12 by forcing its way along the needle E and expanding slightly so as to fill the chamber 9-. Owing to the permanent pressure exerted by the air on the surface of the liquid in chamber 5 and owing to the suction created in the chamber 9, the petroleum ascends in the annular space (3' and is forced through the orifices 7, 7-7 which serve as a plurality of spray nozzles. These orifices are directed tangentially to the needle E- and consequently they spray the petroleum against the wall of the chamber 9 in such a manner that it tends to assume a circular movement and completely saturates the wall of said chamber. T he air which descends through the passage 12 forms an annular sheet which disintegrates the liquid and carries it with it. The pressure upon the liquid about the axis is equal and constant and the liquid describes spirals, disintegrating more and more. A dispersion of the liquid at its arrival in the cylinder ensues from this rotator movement, said dispersion adding itself to that due to the expansion of air and to its rise of temperature in the cylinder; consequently a better mixture of the air with its carburetant is efiected.

This system of atomizing injector is a considerable'advance on those known hitherto, the carburation is better and more regular and its use permits of diminishing the pressure of the admitted air and to reduce the work actually imposed on the air.

I claim:

1. A fuel atomizer comprising a casing, a nozzle associated therewith, a valve to control said nozzle, said casing provided with a fuel inlet and an inlet for a pressure medium, a carburation chamber, and a fuel reservoir disposed between said fuel inlet and said carburation chamber, said fuel reservoir adapted to contain and reserve a quantity of fuel, and said fuel reservoir being in communication with the carburation chamber by .means of a plurality of tangential openings arranged in a plane above the normal level of the fuel in the reservoir, said chamber and reservoir being in communication with the inlet for the pressure medium whereby when said valve is unseated fuel is forced from the fuel reservoir into the carburation chamber where it is atomized by the pressure medium and forced through said nozzle.

2. A fuel atomizer, comprising a casing, a nozzle associated therewith, a valve to control said nozzle, said casing provided with a fuel inlet and an inlet for a pressure medium, an elongated conical carburation chamber surrounding the valve stem above the valve seat and converging toward said seat, a fuel reservoir adjacent thereto, tangential openings in the upper-portion of said carburation chamber establishing communication between the carburation chamber and fuel reservoir, said chamber and reservoir being in communication with the inlet for-the;- pressuremedium, whereby when saidval-ve is imseated, fuel isforced from the fuel reservoir onto the inner surface of the carburation chamber Vltlli a whirling formation where it is atomized and completely mixed as it passes down said chamber on its way to said nozzle.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE- Vitnesses LUCIEN MEMMINGER, EMILE KLoK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the ECommissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. Y 

